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Youssou N'dour at Live 8
Youssou N'Dour (born October 11, 1959 in Dakar, Senegal)
is a singer. He helped develop popular music in Senegal, known in the
Wolof language as mbalax, a blend of the country's traditional griot percussion
and praise-singing with the Afro-Cuban arrangements and flavors which
made the return trip from the Caribbean to West Africa in the 1940s, 50s,
and 60s and have flourished in West Africa ever since.
Beginning in the mid-1970s the resulting mix was modernized with a gloss
of more complex indigenous Senegalese dance rhythms, roomy and melodic
guitar and saxophone solos, chattering talking-drum soliloquies and, on
occasion, Sufi-inspired Muslim religious chant. This created a new music
which was at turns nostalgic, restrained and stately, or celebratory,
explosively syncopated and indescribably funky. Younger Senegalese musicians
steeped in Jimi Hendrix, Carlos Santana, James Brown, and the whole range
of American jazz, soul, and rock music, which Senegal's cosmopolitan capital,
Dakar, had enthusiastically absorbed, were rediscovering their heritage
and seeking out traditional performers, particularly singers and talking
drummers, to join their bands. (The griots-musicians, praise-singers and
storyteller-historians-comprise a distinct hereditary caste in Wolof society
and throughout West Africa.) As it emerged from this period of fruitful
musical turbulence, mbalax would eventually find in Youssou N'Dour the
performer who has arguably had more to do with its shaping than any other
individual.
Youssou N'Dour began performing at the age of 12. Within a couple of years
he was performing regularly with the Star Band, Dakar's most popular group
in the early 1970s. Several members of the Star Band joined Orchestre
Baobab about that time.
In 1979, Youssou N'Dour formed his own ensemble, the Etoile de Dakar.
His early work with Etoile de Dakar was in the typical Latin style popular
all over Africa during that time, but in the 1980s he developed a unique
sound when he started his current group, Super Etoile de Dakar featuring
Jimi Mbaye on guitar, bassist Habib Faye, and tama (talking drum) player
Assane Thiam.
Youssou N'Dour is one of the most celebrated African musicians in history.
A renowned singer, songwriter, and composer, Youssou's mix of traditional
Senegalese mbalax with eclectic influences ranging from Cuban samba to
hip hop, jazz, and soul has won him an international fan base of millions.
In the West, Youssou has collaborated with musicians Peter Gabriel, Sting,
Neneh Cherry, Wyclef Jean, Paul Simon, Bruce Springsteen, Tracy Chapman,
Branford Marsalis, and others. In Senegal, Youssou is a powerful cultural
icon actively involved in social issues.
Youssou N'Dour is endowed with remarkable range and poise, a composer,
bandleader, and producer with a prodigious musical intelligence. The New
York Times most recently described his voice as an "arresting tenor,
a supple weapon deployed with prophetic authority". N'Dour absorbs
the entire Senegalese musical spectrum in his work, often filtering this
through the lens of genre-defying rock or pop music from outside Senegalese
culture.
In July 1993, an African opera composed by N'Dour premiered at the Paris
Opera. He wrote and performed an anthem for the 1998 World Cup playoffs.
N'Dour's major asset is that is strongly grounded in his culture. Even
if he chooses to explore elsewhere, his roots are well established. Some
have gone so far as describing him as the African Artist of the Century
(Folk Roots magazine). He has toured internationally for almost 30 years.
He won his first American Grammy Award (best contemporary world music
album) for his CD Egypt in 2005.
His success lies in his constant work, and the honesty and respect he
brings to his work, his people and his family. However, his personal life
is kept private. Youssou works constantly, perfecting his art and opening
it up to other cultures. In recent years, he has opened his own recording
studio, Xippi, as well as his own record label, Jololi.
N'Dour has associated himself with several social and political issues.
In 1985, he organized a concert for the release of Nelson Mandela. He
toured for Amnesty International and worked with the United Nations and
UNICEF. He also started Project Joko to open internet cafés in
Africa and to connect Senegalese communities around the world. He performed
at three of the Live 8 concerts (in Live 8 concert, London, Live 8 concert,
Paris and at the Live 8 concert, Eden Project in Cornwall) on 2 July,
2005, with Dido.
This article about Youssou N'dour is posted under the GNU Free Documentation
License. It uses material from this Wikipedia
article.
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